A dental filling is a restorative material used to repair a tooth that has been damaged by decay or trauma. When a dentist finds a cavity (an area of tooth decay), they remove the decayed portion of the tooth and then fill the space with a filling material to prevent further decay and restore the tooth’s function and structure.

There are several types of materials used for dental fillings, including:

1. Amalgam: This is a durable mixture of metals, including silver, mercury, tin, and copper. Amalgam fillings have been used for decades and are known for their strength and longevity.

2. Composite: These are tooth-colored fillings made of a mixture of plastic resin and powdered glass or ceramic. Composite fillings are popular because they can be closely matched to the color of the natural tooth, providing a more aesthetically pleasing result.

3. Ceramic: Also known as porcelain fillings, these are made of a material that closely resembles natural tooth enamel in appearance. Ceramic fillings are often used for restoring front teeth or other visible areas because of their natural look.

4. Glass Ionomer: This type of filling is made of acrylic and a specific type of glass material. Glass ionomer fillings release fluoride, which can help protect the tooth from further decay. They are often used for children’s teeth and for small fillings in areas that don’t undergo heavy chewing pressure.

5. Gold: Gold fillings, also called inlays or onlays, are composed of gold alloy and are highly durable. They are more expensive than other types of fillings and require multiple visits to the dentist to place.

The choice of filling material depends on various factors, including the location and size of the cavity, the patient’s dental history, aesthetic concerns, and budget. Your dentist will discuss the options with you and recommend the most appropriate type of filling for your specific situation.